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Streptococcus pyogenes

Streptococcus pyogenes, also known as Group A Streptococcus (GAS), is a significant human pathogen responsible for a wide range of infections, from mild illnesses like pharyngitis (strep throat) to severe invasive diseases such as necrotizing fasciitis and toxic shock syndrome.

Transmission

S. pyogenes primarily spreads through:

  • Respiratory droplets from coughs and sneezes.
  • Direct skin contact with infected lesions.
  • Contaminated surfaces or food.

The incubation period for infections is usually 2 to 4 days.

Clinical Manifestations

Infections caused by S. pyogenes can lead to various conditions, including:

  • Pharyngitis: Commonly affects children aged 5 to 15 years.
  • Skin Infections: Such as impetigo, cellulitis, and erysipelas.
  • Invasive Diseases: Including necrotizing fasciitis and streptococcal toxic shock syndrome (STSS).